Objective To investigate the significance of special serum and urinary proteins in early diagnosis of diabetic nephropathy. Methods he serum and urinary samples were collected from 67 type 2 diabetic patients and 82 healthy controls. The levels of β₂-MG in serum were detected by chemiluminescence and urinary β₂-MG (uβ₂-MG) levels were determined by radioimmunoassay. The contents of MA and α1-MG in urinary were evaluated by immunoturbidimetry of rate scatter.Results Compared with the controls, the levels of β₂-MG, uβ₂-MG, MA and α1-MG in diabetic group were elevated obviously (P＜0.05). The positive rates of those four proteins in diabetic group were 32.8%,47.8%,35.8%and 34.3% respectively, while they were null in control group. The positive rates of those four proteins in diabetic group were enhanced accordingly (P＜0.05) with the course of diabetes extension. Conclusion The detection of urinary β₂-MG, MA, α1-MG and serum β₂-MG are available in early diagnose of diabetic nephropathy, which can help patients discovering the state more early to avoid the deferment of disease.