Abstract：Objective To investigate the correlation of urinary liver-type fatty-acid binding protein with progression of chronic kidney disease. Methods 149 cases chronic kidney disease patients without liver damage were recruited in this study. The patients were divided into five groups based on the estimation of the glomerular filtration rate. Urinary L-FABP was measured by enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), while urinary creatinine, renal function, liver function, hemoglobin and urinary protein were measured by respective biochemical or immunological methods. Results With the progression of diabetic chronic kidney disease, Urinary L-FABP gradually increased (P＜0.01 ). Subgroup analysis showed that the urine L-FABP of CKD1 group was higher than that of healthy group（P＜0.05）, the urinary L-FABP of CKD2 group was higher than that of group CKD1 group (P < 0.01), the urinary L-FABP of CKD3 group was higher than that of group CKD2 group (P < 0.01), the urinary L-FABP of CKD4 group was higher than that of group CKD3 group (P < 0.01), the urinary L-FABP of CKD5 group was higher than that of group CKD4 group (P < 0.01). The urinary L-FABP was negatively correlated with eGFR (r= - 0.742, P < 0.05), and positively correlated with Scr (r=0.836, P < 0.05). Conclusion The urinary L-FABP could not only predict the occurrence of early chronic kidney disease, and also monitor the progression of chronic kidney disease.