Abstract: Objective To evaluate the clinical application value of rapid detection method of plasmodium falciparum infection. Methods 3 patients with fever of unknown origin were collected in our hospital for this study. The immune colloidal gold rapid test and blood smear microscopic examination were used to detect plasmodium falciparum of patients. The nucleic acid fluorescent dyes and FCM were used to detect the white blood cell count (WBC), red blood cell count (RBC), hemoglobin (Hgb), platelet count (PLT). The levels of C reactive protein (CRP), direct bilirubin (DBIL), total bilirubin (TBIL) and alanine aminotransferase (ALT) in patients were detected by enzyme assay. Results 3 cases of patients with fever of unknown origin took the chills and fever as the main symptoms, that with the decreased platelet levels, elevated C-reactive protein (CRP), and different degree of liver function damage. The results of colloidal gold rapid detection and blood smear microscopic examination were the same, all of which were indicated plasmodium falciparum infection. Conclusion Fast detection of immune colloidal gold method is helpful for the rapid diagnosis of plasmodium falciparum infection.