Objective To investigate the short-term effect of the 125I seeds combined colloid 32P interstitial radiotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Methods 40 patients with locally advanced non-small cell lung cancer were involved in this study, and they all received CT-guided percutaneous embedding of 125I seeds with the application of TPS planning and colloid 32P interstitial radiotherapy as the supplementary treatment. The patients were then performed postoperative follow-up of 3 to 6 months. Results The treatment effectiveness (CR + PR) of 3 and 6 months after operation were 77.5% and 82.5% respectively. There were significant changes of CYFRA21-1 and CEA in serum tumor markers after embedding (P<0.01). Regarding the classification of therapeutic effect, there were significant differences in the levels of tumor markers between each grade. Conclusion 125I seeds combined colloid 32P interstitial radiotherapy is an effective method for treating advanced non-small cell lung cancer, and it is worthy of clinical promotion.