Objective To detect serum autoantibodies against tyrosinase related protein-1 (a-TRP-1) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70) in patients with HBV and analysis their relationship. Methods The serum a-TRP-1 and HSP70 were detected by ELISA method in 216 patients with HBV including 28 subjects with HbsAg, HbeAg and HbcAb positive (major three positive group), 60 subjects with HbsAg, HbeAb and HbcAb positive (minor three positive group), 32 subjects with HbsAb, HbeAb and HbcAb positive (past infected group), 32 subjects with HbsAb positive (vaccinated group) and 64 subjects with all negative (negative group). Results The serum levels of a-TRP-1 in each group were 2.071±0.574, 1.855±0.873, 0.166±0.068, 0.220±0.048 and 0.260±0.034 respectively. The positive rates of high level a-TRP-1 were 92.86% (26/28), 83.33% (50/60), 0% (0/32), 0% (0/32) and 0% (0/64). The serum levels of HSP70 in each group were 2.135±0.456, 1.816±0.874, 0.165±0.073, 0.166±0.042 and 0.206±0.033 respectively. The positive rates of high level HSP70 were 100% (28/28), 83.33% (50/60), 0% (0/32), 0% (0/32) and 0% (0/64). The levels of a-TRP-1 and HSP70 in subjects infected by HBV were significantly higher than that of other groups (P<0.01), while there were no significant difference in the past infected group, the vaccinated group and the negative group (P>0.05). High levels of HSP70 and a-TRP-1 were positive correlated (r= 0.926, P＜0.01).  Conclusion High levels of a-TRP-1 and HSP70 can be detected in sera of most patients infected by HBV and they are positive correlated, which may be early signs of melanocyte destruction and the reasons for the cause of vitiligo.