Objective To investigate the effect of laparoscopic and traditional open operation on immune and physiological responses of patients with colorectal cancer. Methods 50 patients clinically diagnosed for colorectal cancer and digestive surgery by laparoscopic operation and 50 cases of colorectal cancer patients with traditional open operation were chosen as the observation group and control group. The changes of comparative analysis of immune and physiological responses of two groups of patients were carried out. Results Compared with control group, the content of CD4/CD3 in observation group at 7 days after operation and IgM levels after 3 days were increase and the serum levels of IL-6 and CPR were decreased (P<0.01). The TNF-alpha levels in observation group at 7 days after operation were decreased (P<0.05). The motilin and gastrin secretion in observation group were better than that of in the control group (P<0.05). Conclusion The laparoscopic surgery with less damage on immune and physiological function of patients with colorectal cancer is much more conducive to the recovery of health and it is worth for widely clinical application.