Abstract: Objective To investigate the association between single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in HLA-DQB1 gene and systemic lupus erthematosus (SLE) in a Han Chinese population. Methods SNP rs3129716 (HLA-DQB1) from 908 SLE patients and 961 healthy controls were genotyped using polymerase chain reaction-ligase detection reaction (PCR-LDR). The associations of the SNPs with the various serological markers and clinical manifestations of SLE were statistically analyzed by using PLINKv1.07. Results No statistically significant difference for the allelic or genotypic frequencies of rs3129716 was found between SLE patients and healthy controls. In three genetic models no significant difference for the frequencies of rs3129716 was found between the two groups．No evidence of association between rs3129716 variant and any clinical features. Conclusion rs3129716(HLA-DQB1) may be unrelated to SLE in a Han Chinese population．