Objective To evaluate the gastric mucosal status by analysis of serum PGⅠ, PGⅠ/ PGⅡ-ratio, G-17 and the Hp status in patients with early Gastric Cancer (GC) and Atrophic Gastritis (AG), and to investigate the non-invasive serological screening of high-risk population of GC. Methods 65 patients with definitive diagnostic GC were detected by upper gastrointestinal (UGI) endoscopy and histopathological examination of endoscopic biopsy, 70 patients with AG and 50 normal controls were diagnosed by endoscopy. Serum levels of PGⅠ, PGⅡ and G-17 in all patients and controls were measured by ELISA. Results As atrophy was observed in corpus, PGⅠ and PGⅠ/PGⅡ-ratio levels significantly decreased in patients with GC compared with the normal controls (P<0.01), and the levels of PGⅠ and PGⅠ/PGⅡ-ratio showed significant difference in patients with GC and those in AG (P<0.05). As multifocal atrophic gastritis (MAG) were observed, PGⅠ and PGⅠ/PGⅡ-ratio levels significantly decreased in patients with GC compared with the normal controls (P<0.01 and P<0.001, respectively). PGⅠlevels and PGⅠ/PGⅡ-ratio were significantly lower in patients with GC than those in AG（P<0.05 and P<0.01, respectively）. The levels of G17 were significantly lower in patients with GC than those in the normal controls and AG（P<0.001 and P<0.05 , respectively）. The MAG was shown more frequent in GC than that of in AG. H. pylori infection had no influence on the levels of PGⅠand G17 in GC patients. Conclusion Our study suggests that the patients with low levels of serum PGⅠ, PGⅠ/PGⅡ-ratio and G-17 may have multifocal atrophic lesions, which are strongly associated with high risk for GC. Furthermore, the measurement of serum PGⅠ, PGⅠ/PGⅡ-ratio and G-17 wound be a non-invasive method for the AG with high risk of early GC.