Objective To explore the clinical significance of monitoring parameters in urine of the recipients after renal transplantation. Methods The patients after renal transplantation were divided into renal function stable recovery group (A) and poor renal function recovery group (B). Hitachi 7600 blood biochemical analyzer was used to measure all parameters in urine of patients after renal transplantation at different times. Results There was no significantly difference on the serum level of CYSC between two groups from 1-5 days（P>0.05）. The serum level of CYSC in group A was decreased. The serum levels of CYSC in group B were to rebound after 3 days, and the levels of CYSC at week 2 and week 3 exceed that at the first day, and it was about 2.5 times as the level in group A（P<0.01）. The levels of NAG in group A at day 1 to day 7 were a little bit higher than that in group B（P＞0.05），but they were much higher than that in group A at week 2 and week 3（P<0.05）. The levels of CYSC in urine of group A were higher than that in group B at day 1-3（P<0.05）, but the levels of CYSC in urine of group B were about 3 times as group A at week 2-3（P<0.01）. The levels of RBP in group A were higher than that in group B（P<0.05）,but the levels of group B at week 2-3 were obviously higher than that in group A ( P<0.01）. The levels of GGT in urine in group B were obviously higher than that in group A at day 1-3 ( P<0.01）, but the levels of GGT in urine of group B at week 2-3 were about 8-10 times as group A（P<0.01）. Conclusion The function of nephric tubule in group A damaged much more serious than that in group B, but the functions of nephric tubule and renal glomerulus recovered well within 3weeks. Inversely the functions of nephric tubule and renal glomerulus in group B were damaged seriously.