Abstract：Objective To explore the cancer risk statistics of ulcerative colitis-associated cancer (UC-CRC) to provide an important for early screening and prevention of UC-CRC. Methods 565 cases of patients with ulcerative colitis were involved in this study. 15 patients with UC-CRC patients was into one group, randomly selected 28 patients of ulcerative colitis without cancer were into the other group, clinically relevant information for the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results 15 cases of patients in 565 cases of patients with ulcerative colitis had suffered with UC-CRC, and the allover risk was 3.77 %. The high risk factors for UC-CRC included course of the disease, extent of disease, serum CRP, pathological diagnosis. Conclusion There is a higher risk of UC-CRC in patients with ulcerative colitis. The UC-CRC incidence might be positively correlated with ulcerative colitis disease duration, serum CRP levels and the degree of dysplasia of endoscopic biopsy.