Objective To observe the therapeutic effect of Chinese medicine Formula (Qing gan xiao ying) on early symptoms of hyperthyroidism patients after 131I treatment. Methods 487 hyperthyroidism patients with 131I treatment were randomly divide treatment group (with Chinese medicine, n=251) and control group (no Chinese medicine, n=236). After 131I treatment, the patients in treatment group received symptomatic treatment plus Chinese medicine Qing gan xiao ying, while the patients in control group only received symptomatic treatment. After 14, 21 and 28 days of 131I treatment, the patients were observed on tremor, insomnia, sweating, heart rate and the frequency of defecation. Results The relieves of tremor, sweating and insomnia symptoms in patients with Chinese medicine treatment group were significantly higher than that of control group (P < 0.05). The average heart rate and stool frequency in treatment group were lower than that of control group (P < 0.05). Conclusion In early stage of 131I treatment in patients with hyperthyroidism, there have apparent effect for rapidly ameliorating and relieving the symptom of hyperthyroidism patients by combined Chinese and Western medicine treatment.