Abstract: It is estimated that one third of world population has been infected with mycobacterium tuberculosis. The tuberculosis is the second leading cause of death after HIV from an infectious disease world. Low public health priority given to childhood tuberculosis due to its own characteristics. Studies about diagnosis and treatment in childhood tuberculosis have lagged behind. Pediatric tuberculosis reflects the level of adult tuberculosis to some extent in future, attention paid to pediatric tuberculosis plays an important role in tuberculosis control. We reviewed current status of epidemiology, diagnosis and treatment of pediatric tuberculosis.