Abstract: Objective To explore the karyotype distribution of antinuclear antibodies (ANA) and its correlation with specific antibody, to provide the reference for interpretation of clinical test results of ANA and ANA spectrum. Methods The antinuclear antibodies and antinuclear antibodies spectrum of 449 cases were detected by indirect immunofluorescence and immunoblotting respectively, and the karyotype distribution of antinuclear antibodies and its correlation with specific antibody were analyzed. Results The majority of karyotype distribution of ANA was nuclear granular type, accounting for 78.2%. The Karyotype of ANA had certain correlation with specific antibody, but the same kinds of autoantibodies could appear different fluorescence karyotype. Conclusion Simultaneous detection on ANA and ANA spectrum could improve the detection rate of AID. The detection of ANA has a high value in the diagnosis, monitoring and prognosis judgment of AID.