目的对比口服、静脉两种途径补铁治疗缺铁性贫血(IDA)的临床疗效及不良反应发生率。方法将118例IDA患者，分为静脉补铁组68例，口服补铁组50例，经口服及静脉补铁治疗后随访四周，并监测血红蛋白、网织红细胞计数、血清铁蛋白，同时观察不良反应。结果静脉补铁组100%有效，口服补铁组86%有效。静脉补铁3日后，网织红细胞计数较治疗前明显升高，一周后血红蛋白及网织红细胞计数较口服补铁组明显上升(P＜0.01)，4周后静脉补铁组治愈率明显高于口服补铁组(P＜0.01)。两组不良反应发生率差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论静脉补铁更能有效提升IDA患者的血红蛋白，血红蛋白达标(男性大于120g/L，女性大于110g/L)时间明显短于口服补铁，且不发生较口服补铁更多的不良反应及并发症。

Objective To compare the clinical efficacy and side-effect rate of deficiency anemia (IDA) patients treated with intravenous iron and oral ferrous iron. Methods 118 cases of iron deficiency anemia were selected at random to receive intravenous iron (68 cases) and traditional oral ferrous (50 cases) treatment. The treatment efficacy and side-effect were followed for four weeks, and the serum levels of hemoglobin, proteins and reticulocyte count in patients were detected. Results At the end of the trial, the patients with intravenous iron treatment were all effective, and only 86% in oral ferrous iron group was effective. The reticulocyte counts in intravenous group after 3 days treatment was obviously increased. The increment of hemoglobin and reticulocyte count in intravenous group after one week treatment wassignificantly higher than thatof in oral group(P＜0.01). The recovery rate of intravenous group after four weeks was significantly higher than that of oral group (P＜0.01). There were no significant differences for side-effect in both groups (P＞0.05). Conclusion The intravenous iron treatment may be more effective to improve hemoglobin for patients with iron deficiency anemia. The time to reach natural hemoglobin for patients treated with intravenous iron is obvious shorter than that of with oral iron, and with no more side-effect reaction and complications.