摘要：目的  探讨血清中脑损伤标志物神经元烯醇化酶（NSE）及脑活性肽100-β(S-100β)测定在急性乌头碱中毒患者中了解脑损伤程度的应用价值，为临床诊疗及预后判断提供循证支持。方法  对98例乌头碱中毒患者按PSS评分分为轻、中、重度中毒三组与中毒死亡组，并选取30名正常人，用化学发光免疫分析测定受试者血清NSE及S-100β水平，用SPSS 19.0统计软件分析各组平均水平及阳性率差异性。结果  各中毒组NSE水平和S-100β水平均高于正常对照组（P < 0.05）；中毒组总体S-100β阳性率略高于NSE阳性率，但差异无统计学意义（P > 0.05），二者联合检测，则阳性率显著高于单独检测（P <0.05）。结论 对乌头碱中毒患者监测NSE及S-100β，在神经系统损伤判断、疗效及预后评估方面有重要意义。二者检出水平的高低，直接反应乌头碱对大脑神经元的损伤程度，联合检测将有助于提高阳性率，能更及时地对患者做出临床干预，防止病情的进一步恶化。

Abstract：Objective To explore the diagnostic value of serum neuron specific enolase (NSE) and brain active peptide 100- β (S-100 β) in patients with acute brain injury poisoned by aconitine and to provide evidence-based support for clinical treatment and prognosis. Methods 98 patients with acute brain injury poisoned by aconitine were divided into different groups according to PSS scores. The serum levels of NSE and S-100β in patients and 30 normal controls were determined by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results The serum NSE level of poisoning patient groups were higher than that of normal control groups (P<0.05); the positive rate of S-100β in patients was higher than that of NSE without significant difference (P>0.05). The positive rate of NSE and S-100β in combined detection was much higher than that of alone detection (P<0.05）. Conclusion   The detection of serum NSE and S-100β in patients with acute brain injury poisoned by aconitine has important significance in evaluating the degree of brain injury, assessing the curative effects and prognosis. The combined detection of NSE and S-100β could be conducive to improving positive rate, guiding treatment timely and preventing exacerbation.