摘要：目的  通过对95例影响血型鉴定的不规则抗体特异性的分析，探讨不规则抗体影响患者血型鉴定的特点。方法  对2013年1月至2014年12月间45157例申请输血患者进行血型鉴定及不规则抗体筛查，对其中不规则抗体筛查结果阳性并干扰血型反定型的样本进行16系谱细胞抗体鉴定，明确抗体类型及其特异性。通过筛查献血员红细胞表面抗原选择与抗体对应抗原阴性的红细胞制备反定型细胞进行血型鉴定，以排除不规则抗体对血型反定型的干扰。以不规则抗体对应抗原阴性红细胞做交叉配血试验，进一步验证血型鉴定结果。结果 95例样本（男27例，女68例）因MNSs、RH、Lewis、P、Duffy、Kidd、Kell血型系统的不规则抗体干扰血型鉴定。其中不规则抗体产生最多的是MNS系统55例，占57.89%；其次为RH系统10例，占10.53%；Lewis系统8例，占8.42%；P系统2例，占2.11%；Duffy 系统1例，占1.05%； Kidd系统1例，占1.05%；Kell血型系统1例,占1.05%；MNS系统与RH系统联合2例，占2.11%；未鉴定出抗体特异性15例，占15.79%。95例样本中IgM 类76例，占80%，IgG 类19例，占20%。结论  影响血型鉴定的不规则抗体以IgM 类为主，少量高效价的IgG 类抗体也可影响血型鉴定。

Abstract: Objective To investigate the characteristics of irregular antibodies interfered with patient’s blood grouping through analyzed the specificities of irregular antibodies interfered with blood grouping in 95 patients. Methods 45157 cases of the patients applied for blood transfusion were carried out blood grouping and irregular antibodies screening tests. Among the positive irregular antibody and interfered blood type reverse typing samples, 16 pedigree cell antibody identifications were used to clear and definite the types and specificities of antibody. By screening the red blood cells surface antigen from blood donation personnel, the red blood cells of the corresponding antigen negative with antibody were selected to prepare the reverse cell typing the corresponding antigen negative with antibody were selected to prepare the reverse cell typing for the blood grouping, to eliminate the interference the irregular antibodies with blood reverse typing. The red cells of the corresponding antigen negative with irregular antibody were selected to verify the blood grouping results through cross-matching of blood tests. Results The irregular antibody that produced from the MNSs, RH, Lewis, P, Duffy, Kidd and Kell blood group systems interfered with blood grouping identification. Among the 95 patients, 55 cases were anti-MNS, accounting for 57.89%; followed by 10 cases of anti-RH, 8 cases of anti-Lewis, 2 cases of anti-P, 1 case  of anti-Duffy, 1 case of anti-Kidd, 1 case of anti-Kell and 2 cases of MNS and RH mixed antibodies, accounting for 10.53%, 8.42%, 2.11%, 1.05%, 1.05%, 1.05% and 2.11%, respectively. There were 15 cases that unidentified the antibody specificity, accounting for 15.79%. In 95 cases, there were 76 cases of IgM, 19 cases of IgG, accounting for 80% and 20%, respectively. Conclusion Irregular antibody interfered blood grouping is given priority to with IgM class, and a small amount of high potency IgG class antibody can also affect blood grouping.