目的 观察131I首次清除分化型甲状腺癌（differentiated thyroid cancer，DTC）术后残余甲状腺组织(以下简称“清甲”)的疗效并分析影响疗效的因素。方法 将86例DTC患者分为两组：甲状腺完全切除者56例（简称“完全切除组”），甲状腺不完全切除者30例（简称“不全切除组”），一次性口服131I 1.85～5.55GBq（50～150mCi）,6个月后随访，TSH刺激状态下复查颈部彩超阴性，若131I-WBS甲状腺床无放射性浓聚，Tg＜5ng/mL，TgAb阴性，为“清甲完全”。结果 86例DTC患者首次131I治疗完全清甲者50例(58.1%),其中甲状腺全切除术后131I完全清甲率约69.6%(39/56),不全切除术的完全清甲率为36.7%(11/30)，经比较，两组间差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）。无颈淋巴结转移的DTC患者首次131I治疗完全清甲率为57.1%(24/42)，伴颈部淋巴结转移的患者完全清甲率为59.1%(26/44)，两组间比较差异无统计学意义(P＞0.05)。结论  131I清除甲状腺切除后残余甲状腺组织安全、有效。不同手术方式导致残余甲状腺组织的多少是影响131I治疗疗效的重要因素。

Objective To assess the effect of 131I ablation of residual thyroid tissue in postoperative patients with differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC), and to investigate the influence factor for treatment effect. Methods 86 DTC patients with total or subtotal thyroidectomy generally underwent 1.85GBq～5.55GBq 131I treatment. The follow up was performed at 6 months after administration of 131I. Negative 131I scan, negative TgAb and Tg less than 5ng/ml were considered as treatment success. Results After 131I treatment, 50 patients (58.1%) were completely cured. 39 patients (69.6%) with total thyroidectomy were treated successfully. Conclusion 131I therapy is an effective and safe method for the treatment of postoperative patients with DTC. The volume of remnant thyroid is the important influence factor on the 131I ablation effect.