摘要：目的 比较超声诊断与病理诊断甲状腺癌的符合率，探讨甲状腺癌超声诊断的特点以及临床诊断价值。方法 对159例甲状腺疾病患者超声诊断后，诊断结果与术后病理学检查和穿刺细胞学诊断确诊结果比较分析。结果 159例患者超声诊断甲状腺癌47例（与病理诊断结果相比符合率68.1%）、甲状腺良性肿瘤40例（83.3%）、甲状腺炎42例（100%），与病理诊断结果相比，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。30例诊断不符合，其中22甲状腺癌被误诊为良性肿瘤，6例良性肿瘤被误诊为甲状腺炎，2例良性肿瘤被误诊为甲状腺癌。甲状腺癌确诊病例中，超声确诊乳头状癌40例（81.6%），滤泡状癌5例（41.7%），髓样癌2例（25.0%)，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05）；不同甲状腺癌超声影像表现中，乳头状癌与滤泡状癌和髓样癌超声影像相比，差异有统计学意义（P＜0.05），滤泡状癌和髓样癌超声影像比较，差异无统计学意义（P＞0.05）。结论 超声检查诊断甲状腺癌具有优缺点，合理运用可提高诊断准确率

Abstract：Objective To compare the coincidence rate of ultrasound and pathological diagnosis in thyroid carcinoma and explore the characteristics and values of ultrasound. Methods 159 cases of patients with thyroid diseases were examined by ultrasound diagnosis. The postoperative pathological examination and cytological diagnosis were followed and analyzed with ultrasound results. Results In total 159 patients with ultrasonic examination, 47 cases were diagnosed thyroid carcinoma, 40 cases were benign thyroid tumor, and 42 cases were thyroiditis. There was no significant difference between the results of ultrasound and pathology (P > 0.05). 33 cases were negative, in which 22 thyroid carcinoma were misdiagnosed as benign tumor, 6 cases of benign tumors were misdiagnosed as thyroiditis, 2 cases of benign tumors were misdiagnosed as thyroid carcinoma. In 69 cases of thyroid carcinoma, 40 cases were papillary carcinoma, 5 cases were follicular thyroid carcinoma, and 2 cases were medullary carcinoma. The different types of thyroid carcinoma showed different ultrasound imaging. There was significant difference in term of ultrasound imaging between papillary carcinoma and follicular carcinoma (P<0.05), and no significantly difference between follicular carcinoma and medullary carcinoma (P>0.05). Conclusion The reasonable use of ultrasound could improve the accuracy of diagnosis of thyroid carcinoma.