目的 分析急性白血病患者血清促红细胞生成素(Epo)水平及其与血红蛋白(Hb)的关系，以及化疗对其的影响。方法 应用ELISA法检测急性白血病患者血清Epo水平，并观察化疗后Epo变化。结果 32例急性白血病患者化疗前Epo水平(49.58±14.87mIU/mL)高于健康对照者(11．96±4.78mIU/mL) (P<0.01)；Epo水平与Hb水平存在负相关 (r=-0.541，P<0.01)；化疗2疗程和4疗程后，Epo水平分别为52.12±15.16mIU/mL和63.15±16.42mIU/mL，与化疗前比较，差异有统计学意义(F=4.547，P<0.01)；化疗2疗程和4疗程后一周，Hb分别为62.0±12.3g/L和56.8±11.1g/L，与化疗前Hb(78.0±14.9g/L)比较，差异有统计学意义(F=4.007，P<0.01)。结论 急性白血病患者Epo合成机制完整，虽然贫血，但EPO水平是增高的，化疗抑制期内随着贫血加重，Epo水平升高。

Objective To study the relationship between serum erythropoietin (Epo) level and chemotherapy-induced hemoglobin(Hb) level in patients with acute Leukemia．Methods The serum Epo level in patients with acute Leukemia was detected by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA)．Results The levels of serum Epo in 32 cases with acute leukemia (49.58±14.87mIU/mL) before chemotherapy were higher than that of the healthy control (11．96±4.78mIU/mL) (P<0.01)．A negative correlation was found between the levels of Epo and Hb in acute leukemia patients (r=-0.541，P<0.01). The levels of Epo in patients with acute Leukemia were 52.12±15.16mIU/mL and 63.15±16.42mIU/mL after 2 and 4 treatment cycles (F=4.547，P<0.01). The levels of Hb were 62.0±12.3g/L and 56.8±11.1g/L after 2 and 4 treatment cycles, much lower than that of before chemotherapy (78.0±14.9g/L) (F=4.007，P<0.01). Conclusion Chemotherapy can decrease the level of Hb and increase the serum 1evel of Epo in patients with acute Leukemia. The changes of serum erythropoietin level are correlated with the conditions of patients before and the time of chemotherapy.