目的 探讨不同的血液采集方式对血中髓过氧化物酶(myeloperoxidase, MPO)含量的影响。方法 同时采集50例普通患者的含肝素钠、EDTA-K2两种抗凝剂的血浆标本和血清标本，分别检测各种标本中的MPO含量，并对各组结果进行配对t检验统计分析和相关性分析。结果 同一患者含肝素钠和EDTA-K2两种不同抗凝剂的血浆标本MPO含量之间均存在显著性统计学差异；含肝素钠抗凝剂的血浆标本与不含抗凝剂的血清标本之间也存在显著性统计学差异。同时，肝素钠组与其余两组间有一定相关性，但不呈高度相关性。结论 不同的血液采集方式对血液中髓过氧化物酶（MPO）含量的检测结果影响较大，建议检测时采用肝素抗凝的血浆样本。

Objective To explore the influence of different specimens collection in the analysis of serum myeloperoxidase (MPO). Methods Blood samples were collected from the 50 patients. Three blood samples were collected from each patient and two samples were respectively anticoagulated by heparin sodium and Ethylene Diamine Tetraacetic Acid kalium (EDTA-K2), and one sample without anticoagulant. The serum myeloperoxidase in all samples were assayed and the results were statistically analyzed with T paired test and correlation analysis. Results The detected results of serum myeloperoxidase in same patient samples between heparin sodium and EDTA-K2 as anticoagulant had statistically significant difference, the detected results in samples between heparin sodium as anticoagulant and without anticoagulant also had statistically significant differences. The results in heparin sodium group had some degreed correlation with the results in other two groups. Conclusion Different blood sample collection methods have significant influence on the detection results of serum myeloperoxidase. It is recommended that the blood samples anticoagulated by heparin sodium would be used for the analysis of serum myeloperoxidase.