目的 探讨脑损伤标志物神经元烯醇化酶（NSE）及脑活性肽100β蛋白(S-100β)在急性毒蕈中毒患者诊治中的应用价值，为临床诊疗及预后判断提供循证支持。方法 对134例毒蕈中毒患者按PSS评分分为四组，化学发光免疫分析法测定患者血清NSE及S-100β水平，PEMS医学统计分析四组与正常对照组的差异性以及与中毒程度的相关性。结果 四个中毒组NSE及S-100β水平均高于正常对照组，其差异具有统计学意义（P<0.05），并且经Pearson分析，分别于0.01和0.05水平与中毒严重程度正相关。结论 检测NSE及S-100β，可从循证医学角度反映毒蕈中毒患者的脑损伤程度，并对判断预后有一定作用。日常工作中,应当重视NSE及S-100β等脑损伤标志物的临床应用，及早应对或预防脑损伤所致的脑功能后遗症或死亡，对指导患者救治及判断预后具有一定意义。

Objective To investigate the clinical value of the brain injury markers including neuron specific enolase (NSE) and brain active peptide 100-β (S-100 β) in the acute toadstools poisoning patients and to provide evidence-based support for clinical treatment and prognosis. Methods 134 poisoning patients were divided into four groups according to PSS scores. The serum NSE and S-100β levels were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Results The serum NSE and S-100β levels in poisoning groups were higher than that of normal control groups (P<0.05). The serum NSE and S-100β levels were correlated with the degree of poisoning. Conclusion The serum NSE and S-100β levels could reflect the brain injury degree of toadstools poisoning patients. It has certain significance in guiding the treatment and prognosis.