摘要: 目的 通过对565例溃疡性结肠炎患者进行癌变风险分析，为溃疡性结肠炎相关癌（UC-CRC）的早期筛查及预防提供依据。方法 对收治的565例溃疡性结肠炎患者进行分组，其中15例UC-CRC组患者，随机抽取28例溃疡性结肠炎组患者，对两组临床相关资料进行回顾性分析。结果 在565例溃疡性结肠炎患者中，UC-CRC组患者有15例，总体风险为3.77%。两组患者在年龄、病变内镜活检、疾病病程、血清CRP水平等方面差异有统计学意义（P<0.05， P<0.01）。高危风险因素显示：疾病病程、病变范围、血清CRP水平、病理诊断为UC-CRC的高危因素。结论 溃疡性结肠炎患者中有较高的UC-CRC癌变风险，溃疡性结肠炎的疾病病程、血清CRP水平、内镜活检为不典型增生及程度与UC-CRC的发生呈正相关。

Abstract：Objective To explore the cancer risk statistics of ulcerative colitis-associated cancer (UC-CRC) to provide an important for early screening and prevention of UC-CRC. Methods 565 cases of patients with ulcerative colitis were involved in this study. 15 patients with UC-CRC patients was into one group, randomly selected 28 patients of ulcerative colitis without cancer were into the other group, clinically relevant information for the two groups were retrospectively analyzed. Results 15 cases of patients in 565 cases of patients with ulcerative colitis had suffered with UC-CRC, and the allover risk was 3.77 %. The high risk factors for UC-CRC included course of the disease, extent of disease, serum CRP, pathological diagnosis. Conclusion There is a higher risk of UC-CRC in patients with ulcerative colitis. The UC-CRC incidence might be positively correlated with ulcerative colitis disease duration, serum CRP levels and the degree of dysplasia of endoscopic biopsy.