摘要:在临床工作中，细菌感染早期缺乏特异性临床表现，而细菌培养耗时长、阳性率低，因此早期诊断非常困难。近年来的研究发现，细菌感染早期中性粒细胞表面CD64水平明显升高，全身感染时升高尤为明显，与白细胞计数、中性粒细胞百分数、CRP、ESR、IL-6及降钙素原等炎性指标明显相关,且中性粒细胞表面CD64表达在诊断与鉴别诊断病毒感染、创伤以及自身免疫性疾病活动期方面与其他炎性指标相比更具特异性。因此开展中性粒细胞表面CD64检测有利于细菌感染的早期诊断与鉴别诊断，减少抗生素的滥用和耐药的发生，具有广泛的临床应用前景。

Abstract: In clinical practice, early bacterial infections lack of specific clinical manifestations. The bacterial culture has lower positive rate and get result slowly, so it is difficult to make diagnosis early. Some recent studies have found that there are significant increases in the level of neutrophil surface CD64 during early bacterial infections. This is especially apparent in systemic infection. It is obviously related to the inflammatory indexes of white blood count, neutrophil percentages, CRP, ESR, IL-6, PCT, etc. Compared to other inflammatory indexes, neutrophil surface CD64 expression has more specific manifestations in the aspect of diagnosing and identifying viral infections, also in active stage of injury and autoimmune diseases. So it is beneficial to develop netrophil surface detection on the diagnosis and identifying of early bacterial infections. It can both reduce antibiotic abuse and drug resistance, and has a more extensive prospect in the clinical application.