目的 探讨分析影响131I治疗甲状腺功能亢进症（甲亢）疗效的可定量因素。方法 对经131I治疗的甲亢患者的甲状腺质量、甲状腺摄131I率、患病年龄、性别、病程、抗甲状腺药物（ATD）治疗等可定量影响因素与131I治疗的治愈率和早发甲低率进行统计分析。结果 131I无论是首次治疗还是二次治疗，患者不同性别的治愈率、早发甲低率，差异均无统计学意义（P＞0.05）；甲状腺质量在20g～30g间的患者治愈率和早发甲低率显著高于31g～80g（χ2=11.0808，P＜0.01；χ2=6.1299，P＜0.01），而甲状腺质量在31g～80g间的患者治愈率和早发甲低率无统计学差异（χ2=0.8591，P＞0.05；χ2=0.6124，P＞0.05）；甲状腺24h摄131I率在45%～95%间的患者治愈率和早发甲低率差异无统计学意义（χ2=0.9041，P＞0.05；χ2=0.1674，P＞0.05）；16岁至≥66岁各年龄段患者的治愈率无统计学意义，但16～20岁患者的早发甲低率显著高于21岁至≥66岁（χ2=5.5943，P＜0.05），提示＜20岁的患者其甲状腺更易受到辐射损害；患病病程≤6月的患者治愈率显著高于半年以上的患者（χ2=5.9692，P＜0.05），但不同患病病程间早发甲低率，无统计学意义（χ2=0.9199，P＞0.05）；未经ATD治疗的患者与ATD及不同药物治疗后患者的治愈率和早发甲低率差异均有统计学意义（χ2=241.99，P＜0.05；χ2=17.9679，P＜0.01）。结论 131I治疗甲亢，甲状腺质量＜30g的患者治愈率和早发甲低率较高；年龄＜20岁的患者早发甲低率较高；患病病程半年以内的患者治愈率较高；ATD治疗的患者治愈率和早发甲低率较高；患者的性别、甲状腺摄131I率对患者的治愈率和早发甲低率基本无影响。

Objective To analyze the quantitative factors influencing the curative effect in 131I treatment of hyperthyroidism. Methods The quantitative factors in hyperthyroidism patients with 131I treatment including patients’ thyroid mass, thyroid iodine uptake rates, prevalence of age, the prevalence of gender, illness course and anti-thyroid drugs (ATD) on the curative effect of 131I treatment and early hypothyroidism (EH) were analyzed to conduct a statistical analysis. Results In all the 131I treated patients, no matter male or female, the first 131I treatment or second treatment, there were no significantly difference on cure rates and incidence of EH (P> 0.05). The cure rate and EH rate in patients with thyroid mass 20-30g were significantly higher than those with 31～80 g（P＜0.01）. There were no significantly difference on cure rates and EH rates among the patients with thyroid mass from 31 to 80 g and 24h thyroid iodine uptake from 45% to 95% (P＞0.05）. The EH rates in patients between the age of 16 to 20 years were significantly higher than that of 21 to 66 years group（P＜0.05）, which showed that the thyroid of patients younger than 20 years old were more susceptible to radiation damage. The cure rates of patients with illness course less than 6 months were significantly higher than those longer than half year（P＜0.05）, but the difference of the EH rates were not statistically significant regardless of illness course（P＞0.05）. The cure rates and EH rates, before and after ATD treatment with different drugs, were significantly different （P＜0.01）. Conclusion The quantitative factors influencing the curative effect in 131I treatment of hyperthyroidism should be analyzed carefully and they might have important clinical significance in the hyperthyroidism patients with 131I treatment.