目的 探讨结直肠癌患者化疗后感染病原菌分布并分析影响感染的因素。方法 选取我院280例结直肠癌患者 为研究对象,采集患者伤口分泌物进行细菌培养，分离出病原菌进行鉴定,并对相关可疑因素,如年龄、性别、体重指数、 糖尿病及其它合并症、肿瘤分期等与化疗后感染的关系进行相关性分析。结果 280例患者中有67例发生化疗后的感染，发生率为23.93%。其中有30例患者发生在第1次化疗后，其余37例发生在第2次化疗后。患者主要表现在呼 吸道感染36例，消化道感染11例，泌尿道感染10例,皮肤及其附件的感染5例,其它部位感染5例。对感染的患者进 行细菌学分析发现，检出革兰阴性菌47株，占70. 15%，革兰阳性菌15株，占22. 39%，分布最多的两种病原菌为大肠 埃希菌（占26. 87%)和铜绿假单胞菌（占14.93%);手术切口感染与患者的Dukes分期、体重指数、合并糖尿病以及手术类别有关（P <0.05)，而与年龄、性别和肿瘤类别无关。结论 影响结直肠癌患者化疗后感染的因素主要与肥胖、糖尿病以及癌症的分期有关，病原菌主要为革兰氏阴性杆菌。医院必须采取切实的防治对策，预防与控制患者的感染。

Objective To study the distribution of pathogens from infected surgical incision in colorectal cancer and its influence factor associated with incisional surgical site infection. Methods 280 patients after chemother-apy were involved in this study. The incisions of secretion were collected for bacterial culture to separate and identify pathogens. The suspicious factors such as age, gender，body mass index，diabetes and other complications and tumor stage were used to analysis the relationship between infection and these factors after chemotherapy. Results 67 cases of 280 patients were infected (23. 93% ) . 30 patients were infected after the first dose of chemotherapy, and the remaining 37 cases occurred within the first two times after chemotherapy. The infection mainly occurred in respiratory tract (36 cases) , gastrointestinal (11 cases) , urinary tract (10 cases) , skin and accessories (5 cases) , and other parts of body (5 cases) . Most of the infection pathogens were Gram-negative bacilli (70. 15% ) . The distribution of Escherichia coli with obesity and diabetes mellutus increased significantly ( P< 0. 05). The incidence of infection ( 26. 87% ) , Pseudomonas aeruginosa (14.93% ) were the highest. The incidences of SSI in patients was related to DUKES stage, BMI, diabetes , and operation type (P < 0. 05 ) , and there was little correlated with the age, gender and tumor type (P> 0. 05 ) . Conclusion Obesity, diabetes mellitus and tumor staging are the most important factors associated with SSI in colorectal cancer patients. Preventive measures for infections should be taken.