Objective To compare the detection results between chemiluminescence immunoassay (CLIA) and radioimmunoassay (RIA) for serum anti-thyroglobulin antibody (anti-TgAb) and anti-thyroid peroxidase antibodies (anti-TPOAb). Methods The serum levels of anti-TgAb and anti-TPOAb in 304 patients with different types of thyroid disease and 38 healthy control were detected by using Maglumi Plus 2000 automated CLIA and RIA. Result The serum levels of anti-TgAb and anti-TPOAb in patients and control group tested by CLIA and RIA had no statistically significant differences. Conclusion The anti-TgAb and anti-TPOAb assay by CLIA could be replaced by RIA.